Process of designing of a control system (or other information system) begins with development of algorithm of its functioning. For this purpose it is necessary to choose in the environment of the Graphic Editor the necessary components from library of graphic images and to transfer them on working area of the screen with the subsequent connection of components by communication lines.

Thus, designing of any control system beginning from the simple student's laboratory stand - and up to Managament Information System (MIS) of scale of the enterprise or complex information system - reminds " game in cubes " where components of two basic types are used more likely: absolutely virtual (components of various logic and processing of signals) and components to which graphic images there correspond some real devices - a various sort gauges (temperatures, turns, etc.) and agencies.

It is necessary to note, that now already there is a many systems of graphic programming, which are an indispensable component so-called SCADA-SoftLogic programs, such as IsaGRAF, LabVIEW, Delta V, etc.

The main distinctive feature of System of Graphic programming offered to consideration is that unlike all variety of known means of graphic programming it does not generate any program codes, but only simulates work of figure any drawn algorithm, how it is done with so-called programs circuity modelling.

But unlike programs of modelling the offered system allows to simulate completely behaviour of figure of algorithm in a mode of real time - in other words - to emulate ("to recover") figure of the project. That is why I have named its System of Emulation, unlike which all by the right can be named modern systems of visual and graphic programming - Programming systems.

The fact of absence of generation of any codes - is a source of huge number of advantages of idea of Emulation before systems of compilation widely widespread today and (or) interpretations (Programming systems).

At the same time, Know-How offered idea consists that the author's Module of Emulation is so small (less than 30 кб), that with success can be placed in a built in microprocessor platform of special architecture - which I have denominated - the Universal Emulating Platform.

Such module should be placed in constant memory of the microprocessor and is closed from external access beaten privacy.

It will allow to sell such platform as the finished hardware-software product with a necessary set of utilities for the PC: ( the graphic editor, editor a component, a visual analyzer of processes, etc.).

As the offered system does not generate any program codes, also the stage of debugging in the standard sense in it is absent. For debugging "work" of the figure of algorithm designed in it (managements or other purpose) - it is enough to take advantage of one of the listed utilities - a visual analyzer of processes.

For this purpose it is enough to connect for the period of debugging to an emulating platform (or networks of platforms) a PC and to observe in a mode of real time (or step-by-step) all levels of signals interesting the developer in branches of algorithm.

Process of "programming" of the Universal Emulating Platform consists all - on all that drawn in the environment of the graphic editor the scheme of management (and preliminary special image coded) - is necessary for loading into a built in Universal Emulating Platform (including and libraries of all used in the project a component). And to the busbar of a platform to connect all those components which graphic image has a physical equivalent.

But it yet all!

In my clauses devoted to idea of Emulation I spend an idea, that creation of graphic schemes of projects at a level schemes of algorithms (for example, at level FBD - functional blocks diagrams - language of the highest level of graphic programming for Programming systems) for today morally obsoletly.

By means of the description of such level certainly it is possible to realize algorithms of management for systems of automatics and MIS, but for the decision of new problems, which have already risen before technics, for example such as - designing of neural networks, systems of decision-making, systems of understanding, expert systems (in the present understanding of this word, instead of present "toys"), machines of knowledge bases - and other sections of the Artificial intellect - suits only designing at the Level of Systems.

Projects presented at the Level of Systems differ from a level of algorithms such attributes: - plurality and complexity of communications between components, a variety of kinds and complexity of forms signals on each communication (digital, analog, type "meander", etc.), and also complex time a parity of signals in different branches of the project and so on.

It is possible to tell, that the Level of Systems on complexity corresponds to a level of designing of electronic systems at a level of block diagrams.

Thus, process commercialization the idea of emulation offered to consideration consists of stages:

1) "to copy" the module of emulation under a built in microprocessor platform;

2) to develop a platform;

3) to develop all necessary utilities under a personal computer;

4) to organize manufacture of platforms, payments of input-output (" hardware cubes ") and  program library of components for foreign manufacturers of popular "iron";

5) to start a site devoted by this to all subjects.

To accompany with they be to fill up on a site library of components for uploading by users interesting their component, to place clauses on a theme, a forum on a theme, examples of successful decisions or introductions, etc.)

6) the Greater advantage sees me if an emulating platform to design not only in a variant of a microprocessor kernel is for problems of automatics, MIS, but also in a variant of a kernel on a microcircuit of programmed logic (ПЛИСС) - for serious high-speed appendices.

Advantages of System of Emulation before known Programming systems.

In connection with that in System of Emulation there is no stage of generation of initial or other codes - that a stage of debugging of programs (projects) - is absent. All debugging of the project is spent directly on figure of the graphic project in the environment of the Visual analyzer of Processes.

Consequence of the first item is that the design stage and debugging does not demand from the user even basic knowledge of programming. With such system can successfully work both schoolboys, and experts of the most various fields of knowledge - technologists, physicists, chemists, biologists, etc.

The System of Emulation in the fine image allows to realize old dream of designers of systems of the uniform specification of the project in a chain "customer-technologist-programmer". Its decision will allow representatives of various professional groups to understand unequivocally each other. Now it became real as in System of Emulation, by virtue of full absence of any program code, designing of any algorithm is spent only on graphic figure of the project.

On the basis of System of Emulation it is possible to create the product most accessible to users. For example, cost only base package LabView for today makes 1300 $, costs of various utilities to it - are in the same price range. Cost of "hardware" - also is calculated on enough " the fat client " if, for example, cost of a processor payment with elements of analog-digital input PCI-7041 reaches 4252 $;

In System of Emulation, by virtue of the elementary its functional organization (absence of any sort of systems of compilation and interpretation), - for tool utilities offered to users - and sin to take money!

At definition of price strategy on "hardware" it is necessary to be guided by a level of Private Businessmen, small and average business.

Cost of the Emulating Platform (the elementary variant with execution of a kernel on a microprocessor crystal) is supposed at a level only several сот dollars. All peripheral nomenclature should be executed counting upon cost up to 100 $.

To achievement of such purpose promotes two factors:

a)    domestic users by whom we shall be guided, except for functionality the price of "hardware", instead of its conformity to all highest international norms ISO on working temperatures, vibrations and handicapes interests first of all. These norms - a prerogative of greater factories and factories of a level of corporations, but in any way small business!

b)    Manufacture "few-channel" hardware systems of "input-output". As shows an expert - one payment already with 16-th analog channels, 8-th digital, two timers, etc. is extremely seldom necessary to the usual consumer, for example, at once.

The ideology of large international corporations (for example, National Instruments - example PCI-7041) - just in that also consists to make as more as possible universal payment by an arrangement on it, as periphery to the main microprocessor as it is possible greater number and types of channels of “input-output”.

The system of Emulation, by virtue of the ideology, widely supports idea of the distributed management - DCS systems. It allows to transform Emulating platform in universal, in this case on it except for direct the microprocessor (with some minimal periphery ensuring the functioning it) - it is more than anything and it is not required!

All necessary periphery is connected to it on corresponding interfaces.

The system of Emulation allows to realize simple scaling of projected system with efficiency inaccessible to known programming systems. It is necessary to understand an opportunity of escalating of total capacity of system of emulation as scaling by simple addition in it numbers of the same payments - the Universal Emulating Platform.

The mechanism of scaling in Systems of Emulation is based on idea of splitting  figure of the project on fragments and accommodations of each such fragment on a separate platform. This problem is similar to a question of parallel calculations. In our case - to use any Software synchronization of processes (with use of any sort of "flags" and "semaphores") necessities are not present. Synchronization of work of all fragments is carried out by system automatically.

The system of Emulation allows to create projects at the Level of Systems. Now most high-level language of graphic programming, as to Programming systems, it is necessary to consider language functional blocks diagrams (FBD).

It is possible to tell, that the Level of Systems on complexity corresponds to a level of designing of electronic systems at a level of function charts. At creation of appendices in System of Emulation reliability of operating system essentially raises.

Any program of management created by the programmer manually in the Programming system, or generated automatically, has inwardnesses. So, that nobody insure from a case (and it on a regular basis proves an expert) that by virtue of unforeseen combinations of entrance influences (or mistakes of the programmer) the program can pass in a unforeseen condition, that will lead to unpredictable result. In the same result can result and banal failure of the program (microprocessor) as a result of influence of powerful external electric handicapes.

Concept " the condition of the program " in Systems of Emulation simply is absent, as the module of emulation emulates (simulates) work of figure of the project directly. The algorithm of emulation put in work of the module, possesses property of self-restoration with the beginning of each cycle. Therefore any failure of the processor in current of tens milliseconds will be self-eliminated the most operating model.

The system of Emulation allows to emulate systems with in advance unknown algorithm of behaviour. Statement of a question is fair, certainly, for complex systems which algorithm of work is not known in advance, and can be and cannot be described at a level of modern knowledge at all.

Speech can go about such systems as: expert systems, systems of decision-making, neural networks, etc.

For example, it is possible to describe behaviour separate neuron, a part of any neural network. Then it is enough to draw all network and to begin its emulation. Thus, knowing only behaviour of a part of the whole, we can investigate all whole.

On the basis of System of Emulation it is possible to create new generation of so-called systems of intracircuit emulation. Now such devices are carried out in the form of electronic payments, and in connection with that the nomenclature of microprocessors - more than is simply huge also number of such devices - accordingly.

Unlike the above described situation, the intracircuit emulator constructed on principles of Circuit Emulation, - can be executed in the form of only one payment so to be universal. In this case distinctions as the emulated microprocessor it is reached only by loading in it of program model of a corresponding crystal. Such property of system will be useful and at design stages of new microprocessors, that will allow test a new product at a design stage.

 

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